Illuminating Achievement { Black American Achievements in Engineering- Courtesy of Black History Month } (1964 hits)
Uploaded on Apr 10, 2009
Profiles of Black Engineers and BEYA Award Winners.
A people that built the United States to an economic powerhouse.
One innovation at a time....
A creative and talented people.
Learn your achievements and teach another !!!!
This is an incomplete list, which may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries. Note: this table is viewable as a timeline when clicking on the sort symbol next to 'Life'. Name Life Occupation Inventions/Accomplishments Refs Ammons, Virgie 1989– Inventor Fireplace Damper [5][6]
Amos, Harold 1918–2003 Microbiologist First African-American department chair at Harvard Medical School [7]
Alcorn, George Edward, Jr. 1940– Physicist Inventor Invented a method of fabricating an imaging X-ray spectrometer [8][9]
Andrews, James J. 1930–1998 Mathematician Put forth the Andrews–Curtis conjecture in group theory with Morton L. Curtis, still unsolved [10]
Ball, Alice Augusta 1892–1916 Chemist Extracted chaulmoogra oil for the treatment of Hansen's disease (leprosy). [12]
Banneker, Benjamin 1731–1806 Mathematician Astronomer Surveyor Clockmaker Author Farmer Wooden clock (1753). Assisted in survey of the original boundaries of the District of Columbia (1791). Authored almanac and ephemeris (1792–1797) [13]
Banyaga, Augustin 1947- Mathematician Work on diffeomorphisms and symplectomorphisms [14]
Janet Bashen 1957– Inventor Entrepreneur Professional Consultant First African-American woman to receive a patent for a web-based software invention. The invention, LinkLine, is an Equal Employment Opportunity case management and tracking software. [15]
Bath, Patricia 1942– Ophthalmologist First African-American female physician to receive a patent for a medical invention. Inventions relate to cataract surgery and include the Laserphaco Probe, which revolutionized the industry in the 1980s, and an ultrasound technique for treatment. [16][17][18]
Bharucha-Reid, Albert T. 1927–1985 Mathematician Statistician Probability theory and Markov chain theorist [25]
Black, Keith 1957– Neurosurgeon Brain tumor surgery and research [26][27]
Blackwell, David 1919–2010 Mathematician Statistician First proposed the Blackwell channel model used in coding theory and information theory; one of the eponyms of the Rao-Blackwell theorem, which is a process that significantly improves crude statistical estimators. [28]
Blair, Henry 1807–1860 Inventor Second black inventor to issue a patent Invented early spark plug [29] [30]
Boahen, Kwabena 19xx– Bioengineer Silicon retina able to process images in the same manner as a living retina [31][32]
Boone, Sarah 1832–1905 Inventor Ironing board allowing sleeves of women's garments to be ironed more easily [33][34][35]
Bouchet, Edward 1852-1918 Physicist First African-American to receive a Ph.D. in any subject. Received physics doctorate from Yale University in 1876.
Bowman, James 1923–2011 Physician Pathologist and geneticist; Professor Emeritus Pritzker School of Medicine; first tenured African-American professor at the University of Chicago Division of Biological Sciences. [36][37]
Boykin, Otis 1920–1982 Inventor Engineer Artificial heart pacemaker control unit. [38][39][40]
Brady, St. Elmo 1884–1966 Chemist Published three scholarly abstracts in Science and also collaborated on a paper published in Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. [41]
Branson, Herman 1914–1995 Physicist Educator Protein structure research [42][43]
Brooks, Charles 1865– ? Inventor[citation needed] Street sweeper truck and a type of paper punch[citation needed]
Brooks, Phil 19xx– Inventor[citation needed] First U.S. Patent for a disposable syringe[citation needed]
Henry Brown 1832– ? Inventor Invented fire safe [44]
Burr, John Albert 18xx– ? Inventor Rotary-blade lawn mower patent [45]
Cardozo, P. William 1905–1962 Pediatrician Sickle cell anemia studies. In October 1937, he published "Immunologic Studies in Sickle Cell Anemia" in the Archives of Internal Medicine; many of the findings are still valid today. Carson, Ben 1951– Pediatric Neurosurgeon Pediatric Neurosurgery at Johns Hopkins University First surgeon to successfully separate craniopagus twins [46]
Carver, George Washington 1865–1943 Botanical researcher Discovered hundreds of uses for previously useless vegetables and fruits, principally the peanut [47][48][49][50]
Chappelle, Emmett 1925– Scientist and researcher Valuable contributions to several fields: medicine, biology, food science, and astrochemistry
Clark, Mamie 1914–2005 Psychologist Conducted 1940s experiments using dolls to study children's attitudes about race. Clark, Kenneth 1917–1983 Psychologist First Black president of the American Psychological Association [51]
Crosthwait, David, Jr. 1898–1976 Research engineer Heating, ventilation, and air conditioning. Received some 40 U.S. patents relating to HVAC systems.
Dean, Mark 1957– Computer scientist Led the team that developed the ISA bus, and led the design team responsible for creating the first one-gigahertz computer processor chip. [52][53][54]
Daly, Marie Maynard 1921–2003 First black American woman with a Ph.D. in chemistry. Drew, Charles 1904–1950 Medical researcher Developed improved techniques for blood storage Easley, Annie 1933– Computer scientist Work at the Lewis Research Center of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and its predecessor, the National Advisory Committee for Aeronautics [55][56]
Ejeta, Gebisa 1950- Geneticist Won the World Food Prize in 2009 for his major contributions in the production of sorghum.
Ejigu, Kitaw 1948–2006 Systems engineer Worked for NASA as a system engineer and space research scientist [57][dead link]
Ellis, Skip (Clarence) 1943– Computer scientist First African American with a Ph.D. in Computer Science Software inventor including OfficeTalk at Xerox PARC [58][59]
Ezerioha, Bisi 1972– Automotive engineer Drag racing engineer and driver Ferguson, Lloyd Noel 1918–2011 Chemist Educator Chemistry doctorate, first received (1943, University of California, Berkeley) [60][61][62]
Fryer, Roland G., Jr. 1977– Economist Social scientist Statistician Inequality studies Gates, Sylvester James 1950– Theoretical physicist Work on supersymmetry, supergravity, and superstring theory [63][64]
Goode, Sarah E. 1855–1905 Inventor Cabinet bed invention First African-American woman to receive a patent in the United States [65][66]
Gilbert, Juan E. 1969– Computer scientist Awarded the first Presidential Endowed Chair at Clemson University in honor of his accomplishments Graves, Joseph L. 19xx– Evolutionary biologist [67][68][69]
Haile, Sossina M. 1966- Engineer Work on fuel cells
Harris, James A. 1932–2000 Co-discovered Rutherfordium (element 104) and Hafnium (element 105) at Lawrence Livermore Laboratory [73]
Hawkins, Walter Lincoln 1911–1992 Scientist Inventor at Bell Laboratories [74]
Hodge, John E. 1914–1996 Chemist
Holley, Kerrie 1954– Research computer scientist at IBM Co-creator of Service-Oriented Modeling and Architecture, SOMA and the Service Integration Maturity Model (SIMM)
Jarvis, Erich 19xx– Neurobiologist Duke University neuroscience bird songs studies. [75][76][77]
Johnson, Isaac 18xx- ? Inventor Held patent for improvements to the bicycle frame, specifically so it could be taken apart for compact storage. [78]
Johnson, Lonnie 1949– Mechanical engineerNuclear engineer Inventor Invented Super Soaker while researching thermal energy transfer engines; worked with NASA. Holder of over 80 patents [4][79] [80][81]
Jones, Frederick McKinley 1893–1961 Inventor Invented refrigerated truck systems [82]
Julian, Percy 1899–1975 Chemist First to synthesize the natural product physostigmine; earned 130 chemical patents; lauded for humanitarian achievements. [83][84][85][86]
Just, Ernest 1883–1941 Woods Hole Marine Biology Institute Biologist Provided basic and initial descriptions of the structure-function-property relationship of the plasma membrane of biological cells. [87][88][89]
Kittles, Rick 1967– Geneticist Work in tracing the ancestry of African Americans via DNA testing [90][91]
Kountz, Samuel L. 1930–1981 Transplant surgeon Researcher Organ transplantation pioneer, particularly renal transplant research and surgery. Author or co-author of 172 articles in scientific publications. [92][93][94][95]
Latimer, Lewis 1848–1928 Inventor Draftsman Expert witness Worked as a draftsman for both Alexander Graham Bell and Thomas Edison. He became a member of Edison's Pioneers and served as an expert witness in many light bulb litigation lawsuits. [96][97][98][99]
Lawson, Jerry 1940–2011 Computer engineer Designer of Fairchild Channel F, the first programmable ROM cartridge-based video game console [8][100]
Lee, Raphael 1949– Surgeon Biomedical engineer[citation needed] Paul and Aileen Russell Professor, Pritzker School of Medicine; MacArthur Fellow, Searle Scholar, Founder and Chairman, Avocet Polymer Technologies, Inc.; Founder and Chairman, Renacyte BioMolecular Technologies, Inc; Discovered use of surfactant copolymers as molecular chaperones to augment endogenous injury repair mechanisms of living cells. Holder of many patents covering scar treatment therapies, tissue engineered ligaments, brain trauma therapies, protective garments.[citation needed]
Lynk, Beebe Steven 1872-1948 Chemist Teacher at West Tennessee University Matzeliger, Jan 1852–1889 Inventor Shoe assembly Machine [101][102]
McBay, Henry 1914–1995 Chemist His discoveries allowed chemists around the world to create inexpensive peroxide compounds [103][104]
McCoy, Elijah 1844–1929 Inventor Invented a version of the automatic lubricator for steam engines. [105][106]
McLurkin, James 1972- Roboticist [107]
McWhorter, John 1965- Linguist Specializes in formation of creole languages
Montgomery, Benjamin 1819–1877 Inventor Designed a steam operated propeller to provide propulsion to boats in shallow water Morgan, Garrett 1877–1963 Inventor Invented the gas mask [108]
Nmezi, Murphy 1955– Physician/Biostatistician Advances in Path Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling Nriagu, Jerome 1944– Geochemist Studies toxic metals in the environment. Originator of the lead poisoning thesis of the decline of the Roman Empire
Ogbu, John Uzo 1939–2003 Anthropologist Ethnic studies in education and economics [109][110]
Olukotun, Kunle 19xx– Computer scientist Early advocate and researcher of multi-core processors
Oyekan, Soni 1946– Chemical engineer
Poindexter, Hildrus 1901–1987 Bacteriologist Epidemiologist Work on the epidemiology of tropical diseases including malaria
Petters, Arlie 1964– Physicist Work on the mathematical physics of gravitational lensing
Quarterman, Lloyd Albert 1918-1982 Scientist Fluoride Chemist Manhattan Project, worked with Albert Einstein and Enrico Fermi Renfroe, Earl 1907–2000 Orthodontist [111][112]
Rillieux, Norbert 1806–1894 Engineer Inventor Inventor of the multiple-effect evaporator [113]
Robinson, Larry 1957– Environmental chemist Investigated possible role of arsenic in the death of Zachary Taylor. Interim president of Florida A&M University.
Sammons, Walter 1890-1973 Inventor Patent for hot comb [114]
Sowell, Thomas 1930– Economist Social scientist Economist, social theorist and political philosopher [115][116][117][118]
Steele, Claude 1946– Psychologist Social scientist Stereotype threat studies
Stiff, Lee 1941– Mathematician President of the National Council of Teachers of Mathematics from 2000 to 2002 [119]
Snyder, Window 1976– Computer engineer Security engineer at Microsoft, Mozilla, and Apple
Temple, Lewis 1800–1854 Inventor, Blacksmith, Abolitionist Inventor of the toggling whaling harpoon head. [120]
Thomas, Vivien 1910–1985 Surgical technician Blue baby syndrome treatment in the 1940s [121][122][123]
Turner, Charles Henry 1867–1923 Zoologist First person to prove that insects can hear and can distinguish pitch, that cockroaches can learn by trial and error, and that honeybees can see color. First African-American to receive a Ph.D. from the University of Chicago. [124]
Tyree, Bernadette 19xx– Biochemist[citation needed] Program Director at National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Diseases[citation needed]
Tyson, Neil deGrasse 1958– Astronomer Researcher and popular educator in astronomy and the sciences [125][126][127]
Walker, Arthur B. C., Jr. 1936–2001 Astronomer Developed normal incidence multilayer XUV telescopes to photograph the solar corona [128][129][130]
Walker, C. J. 1867–1919 Inventor[citation needed] Created black cosmetic products. Washington, Warren M. 1936– Atmospheric scientist Former chair of the National Science Board [131][132][133][134]
West, James E. 1931– Acoustician Inventor Co-developed the foil electret microphone [135][136][137]
Wilkins, J. Ernest, Jr. 1923–2011 Mathematician Engineer Nuclear scientist Entered University of Chicago at age 13, PhD at 19, worked on the Manhattan Project, wrote over 100 scientific papers, helped recruit minorities into the sciences. [138][139] [140]
Williams, Daniel 1856–1931 Surgerian Performed the first successful open-heart surgery in the United States [141]
Williams, Scott W. 1943– Mathematician
Williams, Walter E. 1936– Economist Social scientist [142][143][144]
Wright, Louis T. 1891–1952 Surgeon Led team that first used Aureomycin as a treatment on humans [146][147][148]
Young, Roger Arliner 1899–1964 Zoologist First African-American woman to receive a doctorate degree in zoology [149][150]
See also[edit] • History of United States patent law • Lemelson–MIT Prize • NASA spinoff • National Inventors Hall of Fame • Science and technology in the United States • Technological and industrial history of the United States • Timeline of United States discoveries • Timeline of United States inventions • United States Patent and Trademark Office • United States patent law • Yankee ingenuity References[edit] Footnotes Citations This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2011)
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